为了形成与中国传统光学设计体系相街接的折衍混合光学设计的理论和方法，研究了PWC表示的折衍混合薄透镜系统初级像差理论，建立了赛德尔像差和数与P、W、C的函数关系，以及∞、∞、∞与衍射透镜结构的函数关系。采用PWC表示的初级像差理论和高折射率设计方法，获得了折衍混合消色差李斯特型中倍显微物镜的初始结构，结果表明其赛德尔像差和数的理论值与设计值相吻合，从而验证了折衍混合光学系统PWC表示的初级像差理论和高折射率设计方法。优化设计结果与传统李斯特型物镜相比较，具有更长的工作距，且像质显著提高，由于前组为单片塑料透镜，有利于批量生产。

To form the theory and method of hybrid refractive-diffractive (HRD) optical design that can join to the Chinese conventional optical design system, the primary aberration theory expressed by PWC about HRD systems has been investigated, and the function relation between Seidel sums and P, W, C, between ∞, ∞, ∞ and the diffractive lens structure have been established. Using the PWC primary aberration theory and the ultra-high index design method, the original structure of the achromatic HRD medium-power Lister-type microscope objectives has been obtained. The result shows that its design of Seidel sums tallies with the theoretic value, so the PWC primary aberration theory and the ultra-high index design method about HRD systems proved to be effective. Comparing with the conventional two doublet design, it is shown our hybrid objective has a larger work distance and a higher imaging quality, and is suitable for mass production because the front is a singlet plastic lens.