介绍了基于激光测距传感器的铁轨测距系统的设计原理.采用DLS-A15型激光测距传感器作为距离检测设备,实现对铁轨之间距离的检测及显示.在设计过程中,给出了系统的硬件设计原理及程序设计方法.用DLS-A15型传感器进行测距时,主、从单片机利用RS232C串行通讯向传感器同时发测距命令,传感器接收此命令并对被测铁轨发射一束激光,铁轨反射回的激光信号被传感器转换为序列信号,然后再经RS232C串行通讯返回给AT89C52接收.主、从单片机利用并行I/O口进行通讯,主单片机将接收的正确数据与从机送来的正确数据相加后再加上激光测距传感器之间的固定距离,即为铁轨的检测距离.该铁轨测距系统已经试用.实践表明该铁轨测距系统具有测距速度快、准确度高、易于实现等优点.

This thesis recommends the design for principle that the distance measurement system of rail base on distance laser sensor.The system adopts Model DLS-A15 distance laser sensor by Leca Company in Switzerland as equipment of checkout the distance,it realizes measurement and display of the distance from one rail to the other.In design process,the thesis expounds basic operation principle of distance laser sensor,characteristic,gives systematic hardware design schematic and means of program design.While distance laser sensor adopts the ModeI DLS-A15 measure distance．master computer and slave computer send order of measure distance tO tWO distance laser s~nsors with RS232C serial communication at the same time，the sensor receives this order and sends a bunch of laser signsI tO the rails。the rails reflects laser signal and the Iaser signal is changed into serial numbers by the sensor．then the serial numbers return tO AT89C52 by RS232C serial communication．TWO of the single chip computers communicate in AT89C52 microcontroller of tWO paralhl I／O ports。add the correct data received from mainframe to correct data received from slave computer．then pulse tO fixation distance of distance Iaser sensor，it iS distance measurement of the rails。The distance measurement system of rails has a tryout．By the experiment．measure distance system of the rails has a speediness of distance measurement．highly accuracy．advantage of realizing easily．