由多个小口径成像系统通过特殊排列综合而成的光学稀疏孔径系统是实现高分辨率天文目标成像观测的一种新方法.建立了光学稀疏孔径系统的衍射受限非相干成像模型,并针对某一具体的光学稀疏孔径系统,运用图像复原维纳滤波器完成了系统成像和图像恢复处理的计算机仿真实验.结果表明,光学稀疏孔径系统可以等效实现单个大口径成像系统的成像观测效果.

Optical sparse-aperture system can be designed to obtain high resolution in astronomical object imaging. It is a particular array synthesized by several small filled imaging systems. A diffraction-limited incoherent imaging model is proposed for sparse-aperture systems. Under the premise that the noise of sparse-aperture system can be regarded as ergodic random noise, and is uncorrelated to the object, then an optimum image reconstruction filter is given for sparse-aperture system in a sense of mean square errors. Finally, computer simulations of imaging and image reconstruction of a specific sparse-aperture system are performed by using the model and the filter. These numerical experiments indicate that optical sparse-aperture systems can achieve almost the same resolution and image quality as an equivalent filled system.