采用琼斯矩阵与随机耦合的波片模型(Monte-Carlo)方法相结合研究了在偏振模色散(PMD)和偏振相关损耗(PDL)共同作用下,超短光脉冲经光纤传输后脉冲被展宽的统计特性。结果表明,通过与偏振模色散的相互作用,偏振相关损耗可以引起光脉冲的压缩效应,同时脉冲展宽和压缩的概率密度分布与光纤偏振模色散及偏振相关损耗的相对数值存在十分密切的关系。在偏振模色散为0.05 ps/km1/2,光纤长度为75km的情况下,当偏振相关损耗均值从0.07dB/km增加到0.49dB/km时,光脉冲被压缩的概率从4.3%增大到92.9%。无论何种情况下,脉冲压缩和展宽的概率密度均可用瑞利-麦克斯韦分布函数进行描述。

Using the Jones Matrix and Monte-Carlo method, we study the statistical broadening characteristic of ultra-short optical pulse induced by polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and polarization dependent loss in single mode fibers. The results show that combination of PMD and PDL can narrow the pulse width and there are close relationship between the probability density functions (PDF) of pulse broadening and narrowing and the values of PMD and PDL in optical fiber. With the increase of PDL, PDF of the pulse narrowing is enhanced. In any cases, the PDF of pulse broadening and narrowing can always be fitted by Rayleigh-Maxwell functions.