根据增益波导垂直腔面发射激光器直接耦合的准三维理论模型，通过有限差分法对注入电流密度、载流子浓度、光场和热场分布方程求自洽解．研究了垂直腔面发射激光器的电、热和光波导特性，同时提出了一种具有双氧化限制层的增益波导垂直腔面发射激光器结构，并通过对比研究了N－型分布布喇格反射镜和双氧化限制层对增益波导垂直腔面发射激光器特性的影响．计算结果表明，如果忽略N－型分布布喇格反射镜的影响将与实际的垂直腔面发射激光器有较大偏差；双氧化限制层结构对激光器特性有较大的改善，它为增益波导垂直腔面发射激光器提供了一种降低阈值，抑制高阶横模的方法．

In this paper,a direct coupling theoretical model in quasi-three-dimension for the gain-wave guide Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) has been created. With the finite-difference method,self-consistent solutions for the injected current density,carrier concentration,optical field and thermal conduction equations are realized to study the characteristics of electrical,optical and thermal fields distribution in VCSEL. A VCSEL with double oxide-confined regions is introduced. The influences of NDBR layers and double oxide-confined regions on the characteristics of VCSEL are analyzed contrastively.The calculation results show that if N-DBR layers are not considered,there must be some errors to the practical VCSEL. The results also indicate that the structure of double oxide-confined regions in VCSEL has been improved greatly the characteristics of lasers,and it provides a method of reducing threshold current and controlling high-order modes.