简要介绍了利用太阳辐射测量整层大气光谱透过率的实验装置、测量原理和数据处理方法。为得到大气光学参数的实际变化规律，设计了由宽光谱范围的平场凹面光栅和高灵敏度的线阵CCD构成的硬件系统，利用太阳直接辐射测量其连续光谱，使用Langley拟合方法进行定标，通过运算得到了实际天气条件下的大气光谱透过率。将实测结果与现有其他设备的测量数据进行了对比，证明了测量结果的可靠性。

The facility and theory for measuring atmospheric spectral transmittance by solar irradiance were analyzed. An instrument system for atmospheric optical properties measurement was developed. The solar spectral irradiance was acquired by using a flat field and imaging concave grating and a linear CCD. The real time atmospheric spectral transmittance with the variable of wavelength band was obtained by employing a specific calibration method,and it can represent the molecular absorption effects on atmospheric radiation. The results were validated by comparing them with other instrument.