超冷分子的产生对于量子信息、分子物理和分子化学具有重要的意义。本文通过介绍超冷分子的研究进展，主要分析了光缔合产生超冷分子的特点与物理机制，详细介绍了光缔合产生冷分子过程中的光谱测量方法。

The formation of ultra-cold molecules is extremely important for the research of quantum information processing,molecular physics and molecular chemistry. This paper reports the researching progress on ultra-cold molecule analysis,the characteristics and physical mechanism of the formation of ultra-cold molecules via photoassociation and gives a detailed presentation of spectrum measurement methods in this formation process.