光传播路径横向风速风向的准确测量, 对于科学研究和工程应用都具有重要意义。 哈特曼传感器用来接收光波大气传输前向散射的波前和光强信息, 提出利用哈特曼传感器接收的前向散射光强闪烁相关信息, 实现路径横向风速廓线测量的方法。 理论推导给出了光传播路径上横向风速分段反演的公式。 根据不同的子孔径间距路径权重函数的差异, 针对不同子孔径间距对路径不同位置的敏感性, 分析了如何合理的选取光传播路径横向风速廓线的权重函数。 利用哈特曼传感器开展了水平1 000 m光传输路径横向风速的探测实验。 初步研究结果表明, 哈特曼传感器测量的路径横向平均风速与接收端附近的风速计测量的结果具有较好的一致性; 得到的两段路径横向风速的分布在随时间的变化趋势上一致性较好, 特殊的下垫面布局使得靠近光源的第一段路径与靠近探测器的第二段路径的平均横向风速分别为1.273和0.952 m·s-1。 将第二段横向风速与路径横向平均风速的测量结果进行了相关性分析, 具有一致的变化趋势, 两者的相关系数达0.86。

A new method for path transverse wind velocity survey was introduced by analyzing time lagged covariance function of different separation sub-apertures of Hartmann wavefront sensor. A theoretical formula was logically deduced for the light propagation path transverse wind velocity profile. According to the difference of path weighting function for different sub apertures spacing, how to select reasonable path weighting functions was analyzed. Using a Hartmann wavefront sensor, the experiment for measuring path transverse velocity profile along 1 000 m horizontal propagating path was carried out for the first time to our knowledge. The experiment results were as follows. Path transverse averaged velocity from sensor had a good consistency with transverse velocity from the wind anemometer sited near the path receiving end. As the path was divided into two sections, the path transverse velocity of the first section had also a good consistency with that of the second one. Because of different specific underlaying surface of light path, the former was greater than the later over all experiment period. The averaged values were 1.273 and 0.952 m·s-1 respectively. The path transverse velocity of second section and path transverse averaged velocity had the same trend of decrease and increase with time. The correlation coefficients reached 0.86.