设计并研制了一种新的微通道板选通X射线纳秒分幅相机,相机系统由带有行波选通微带光电阴极的近贴聚焦分幅变像管、电控单元、针孔安装和调节系统及真空系统组成。电控单元提供相机工作需要的直流电压和脉冲开关电压。输出图像由采用光纤面板耦合到荧光屏的CCD相机读出。采用厚50 nm的Au作为变像管光电阴极,相机谱响应范围0.1～10 keV。可获得八幅分幅图像,每幅曝光时间1 ns,2 ns和5.0 ns三档可调,像幅时间间隔分2 ns、5 ns和10 ns三档可调。相机动态空间分辨力优于18 lp/mm,触发晃动小于100 ps,时间抖动小于5%。并可实现远距离监视、控制和数据采集。对相机静态特性和动态特性的实验标定及应用现场所获得的实验结果均表明,相机工作性能稳定,具有几何畸变小、动态范围大等特点,满足Z-箍缩实验研究的需要。

A novel microchannel plate (MCP) gated X-ray nanosecond framing camera is developed. The camera system consists of a proximity-focused framing image-converted tube with traveling-wave gated micro-stripe optoelectric cathode, an electronic control unit, a mechanical system for pinholes mounting, adjusting and a high vacuum system. The electronic control unit provides all the power supply of the camera system including voltage to phosphor screen, gating pulses to MCP, bias and static checking voltage of MCP. The images are recorded with a scientific CCD camera coupled to the fiber optic phosphor screen. The photocathode of image-converted tube consists of Au of 50 nm thickness. Eight framing images can be abtained. The energy spectrum response of the camera ranges from 0.1 keV to 10 keV. The exposure time of the camera can be changed is 1 ns, 2 ns and 5 ns in three scales and time interval between frames from 2 ns, 5 ns and 10 ns in three scales. The dynamic spatial resolution is better than 18 lp/mm. The triggering jitter is down to 100 ps with exposure time shifting less than 5%. The fiber remote transmission and control are incorporated in the nanosecond framing camera system. The achieval experimental results on the static, dynamic characteristics and Z-pinch application show that the camera can run in a strong electromagnetic environment. In this case, the camera has little geometric distortion and wide dynamic range and provides good control and high capturing rate. Such a camera system can be utilized in the investigation of Z-pinch for recording X-ray.