针对现场全面评价大尺寸测量仪器精度的特殊性, 提出了一种采用多仪器站多控制点的精度评价方法。基于四元数的空间数据配准, 将多仪器站的测量数据统一到全局坐标系下, 基于控制点坐标不变约束, 对测量值进行统计得到测量不确定度, 并从中提取仪器内部各传感器单元分量的不确定度。利用多传感器信息融合技术求得最优控制点, 减小坐标转换误差对结果的影响。以激光跟踪仪为例进行了仿真和现场实验, 结果表明, 该方法评价测距和测角不确定度的误差可分别降至1 μm和0.1″以内。

A method of precision evaluation for field large-scale measurement instruments is proposed with multi-instrument stations and multi-reference points. The measured data from multi-instrument stations are unified in the global coordinate system using spatial data registration based on quaternion. The measurement uncertainty is obtained by statistics of measurement values based on controlling points coordinate invariable constraint, so that the uncertainty of each sensor component is acquired. The optimal controlling points are calculated by multi-sensors information fusion technique, and the effect of coordinate transform error is decreased. Taking laser tracker as an example, the simulation and field experiments show that the uncertainty error of range and angle are decreased to 1 μm and 0.1″, respectively.