根据广义的惠更斯-菲涅耳原理, 研究了涡旋光束在湍流大气中的传输特性。研究结果表明, 涡旋光束在湍流大气中传输时, 截面光强会从空心分布转化为高斯分布。光束所带的拓扑电荷数以及大气湍流均会影响光强分布的变化。研究结果还表明, 涡旋光束能够抑制大气湍流对光束扩展的影响, 这一现象得到了实验上的证实。通过杨氏双缝干涉的方法, 还研究了涡旋光束经过湍流大气传输后的拓扑电荷数。研究发现, 涡旋光束经过湍流大气后, 拓扑电荷数将发生波动。

Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, the propagation of vortex beams in a turbulent atmosphere has been investigated. It is found that the beam profile will approach to a Gaussian shape when the vortex beam propagates a distance in a turbulent atmosphere, and the topological charge and the atmospheric turbulence will influence the changes of the intensity distribution. It is also found that vortex beams can reduce the beam-spreading induced by the atmospheric turbulence. Moreover, the topological charge of the vortex beam propagating in a turbulent atmosphere has also been studied by using the Young’s double-slit interference experiment. It is found that the topological charge of the beam will exhibit fluctuating as it propagates through a turbulent atmosphere.