空间光学系统的工作环境非常恶劣, 特别是在卫星本地时间的白天。太空中的太阳光、地气光以及各种热辐射构成了严重的背景噪声, 威胁着空间光学系统的成像质量, 甚至导致空间光学系统因无法成像而失去探测能力。挡光环的出现大大改善了背景噪声带来的不良影响, 可以直接阻挡视场外杂光, 从而影响着系统的杂光抑制能力。然而, 由于挡光环的尺寸较小, 当光线入射到挡光环的边缘时就会产生严重的衍射效应, 这种衍射效应对改善表面材料的散射特性起了反作用。因此, 怎样设计结构合理的挡光环成为了遮光罩设计中的重要环节。本文将机械设计中的聚焦组合创新方法应用到空间光学系统的挡光环优化设计中, 提出了新型结构的挡光环。通过与已有挡光环的结构形式做比较, 经计算机仿真, 验证了该新型结构挡光环的抑制杂散光的优越性, 为我国星载遥感器的挡光环设计提供一种新的方法。

Space optical systems always work in very bad conditions. The sunlight, airlight and various radiation, coming from the space constitute serious background noise of image plane in space optical system. This noise can reduce imaging quality, and even leads to detectivity losing of satellite remote sensor because of unable imaging. Because it can improve the bad influence coming from background noise and prevent directly stray-light out of the field of view, the vane has the ability to raise the ability of suppressing stray light. However, diffraction effect will occur when rays arrive the edge of vanes due to the small size of vanes. So, how to design reasonable vane is very important in baffle designing. A new type of vane which is produced by using focus-assemble innovation method is proposed in this article. Having compared with existing vanes and simulated, this new type of vane is proved to be predominant in stray light suppressing.