总结了常用的共相位检测方法，分析了各种方法的特点及其用于空间望远镜在轨检测的适用性。提出了一种新的基于色散瑞利干涉原理的共相位误差检测方法和相应的干涉条纹数据处理方法——二维色散条纹分析法。介绍了色散瑞利干涉法的基本原理，给出了其检测拼接主镜望远镜共相位误差的光路图。为验证所提出的方法，搭建了一套色散瑞利干涉仪检测共相位误差的实验验证装置。初步的实验结果表明所搭建的色散瑞利干涉实验装置的量程可达到200 μm，多次测量值的均方根误差(重复性)优于2 nm，共相位误差δ≤1 μm时，测量精度为6.56 nm，可以满足空基分块主镜望远镜在轨共相位检测的要求。

Most of the common-used methods for cophasing are summarized and their applicabilities for using in space are discussed. A novel method which is based on dispersed Rayleigh interferometry (DRI) is proposed with data processing algorithm. The basic theory of DRI is introduced and the configuration to measure cophasing error of segmented primary mirror is given. An experimental system to validate the DRI algorithm is established, preliminary results indicate that the measurement range reaches 200 μm, repeatability is better than 2 nm，and accuracy is 6.56 nm with the range of δ≤1 μm, which meet the requirements of cophasing the primary mirror in the orbit.