通过对比国内外大口径望远镜光学系统的发展和研究现状,提出针对大口径望远镜系统的加工、装调和使用建立误差分配体系的方案。介绍了误差分配体系包含的内容,并对其进行归类。以1.2 m望远镜光学系统为例,阐述了误差分配原则。首先,根据设计确定总体误差标准,然后,计算误差分配的项数,最后,依据分配原则,结合实际加工和装调水平,给出了合理的误差分配结果。结果表明,在满足目前国内加工要求和装配的条件下,该方案使分配后该望远镜光学系统误差(RMS波像差)＜λ/8.5,为大口径望远镜光学系统的误差分配提供了有力的依据。

By comparing of the research and development of optical system in a large telescope at home and abroad,a scheme for establishing error budge system was presented to determine the influential factors on optical system to ensure the expected precision in design,manufacturing and assembling of large aperture optical system. By taking a 1.2 m telescope optical system as an example, the conformation of error budget was introduced and a reasonable static error allocation was worked out. Firstly,a total error standard was determined, then, the number of error budgets was counted,finally,error budge result was given based practical ability of manufacture and assemblage.Experimental results show that the RMS wavefront error of this telescope optical system is less than λ/8.5, which matches the machining and assembling capacity.