研制了一种能够方便、快速调节激光雷达收发光路准直的光学装置,分析了装置楔角的选取要求、准直误差及其相应的矫正方法。该装置结构简单,主要由两个楔形光学平板组成,通过电机转动两个楔板可使出射光束方向在一定范围内任意改变,该调节范围由楔板的楔角和折射率决定。利用折射定律,严格推导了装置中两个楔形光学平板的旋转角度与出射光束方向之间的关系。提出了将该光学装置插入到激光雷达发射光路,采用螺旋式粗扫、圆形和径向细扫相结合的光束扫描方式实现对激光雷达准直的方法,并给出了系统准直调节过程中的判断准则和具体的准直步骤。

An optical device with simple structure and low price is developed,which can adjust the laser beam parallel with the telescope axis conveniently and rapidly.The device is mainly composed of two optical wedge planes.The direction of the outgoing laser beam from this device can be changed arbitrarily by turning the two planes through two motors within a certain range,which depends on the wedge angle and the refractive index of the plane material.By using refraction law,the relationship between the rotation angles of two wedge planes and the direction of outgoing laser beam is deduced strictly.A lidar system adjustment is proposed with the device inserted into the transmitting optical path and spiral,circular and radial scans of the out beam,and the criterion and the process for alignment are also given.Finally,the requirement for the wedge angle of the device,the alignment error and its corresponding correction method are further analyzed.