根据实时光谱探测系统,拟采用傅里叶变换光谱理论获取侍测光谱信息。文中首先介绍了实时光谱探测系统的基本工作原理,优化了基2-FFT 算法,然后详细描述了该算法的硬件结构和设计思路,重点叙述了算法有限状态机设计地址的产生及控制单元的流程,并利用Xilinx 公司XC3S400 芯片自带的IP 核在ISE9.1 软件开发平台上完成了FFT 模块的硬件设计。最后采用以VerilogHDL 语言编写的Testbench 测试程序在第三方仿真软件ModelsimSE6.3f 上对FFT 模块进行了功能仿真。仿真结果与Matlab理论计算结果的对比表明FPGA 硬件设计正确。当芯片工作在100MHz 时,实现256 点16bit 基2-FFT 数据所需的时间约为8.6阳,可满足实时光谱探测的要求。

In accordance with the requirements of a real-time spectral detection system, the Fourier transform spectral theory is utilized to obtain the spectral information to be detected. First, the basic operation principle of the real-time spectral detection system is presented and a radix-2 FFT algorithm is optimized. Then, the design of the hardware structure of the algorithm is described in detail, the address generation and control process designed by an Algorithm State Machine (ASM) is illustrated emphatically and the hardware design of the FFT module is completed by using a XC3S400 chip with an IP core produced by Xilinx Inc. on an ISE9.1 software development platform. Finally, the Testbench program written in VerilogHDL language is used to simulate the functions of the FFT module on ModelsimSE6.3f, a third-party simulation software. The simulation result is compared with the result calculated by Matlab in theory. It shows that the FPGA hardware is designed correctly. It takes about 8.61lm for the chip operating at 100MHz to implement 256-point 16 bit radix-2 FFT data, which can meet the real-time requirement for spectral detection.