为了研究合金元素对ZL114A铝合金凝固裂纹的影响,采用3种不同成分的铝合金焊丝,向焊缝中添加合金元素。分析各种合金元素对焊接ZL114A薄板所产生的凝固裂纹的敏感性的影响,并进行了理论分析和实验验证。试验结果表明,焊后产生的凝固裂纹附近主要含Al,Mg以及Si这3种合金元素。Mg和Si元素的富集导致在凝固结晶时,在柱状晶边界形成了低熔点共晶Al-Si或Mg-Si,Al-Mg2Si,这些低熔共晶与ZL114A铝合金凝固裂纹产生紧密相关。这一结果对研究激光焊接ZL114A凝固裂纹冶金因素的研究是有帮助的。

In order to study the impact of the alloying elements on ZL114A aluminum alloy solidification cracking,three aluminum alloy welding wires of different compositions were applied to add various elements to the weld.The impact of these alloy elements on the ZL114A sheet solidification crack sensitivity were analyzed in theory and verified in experiments.The result shows that three main alloy elements Al,Mg and Si element exist close to the solidification crack.It was found that the enrichment of Mg and Si element nearby the solidification crack resulting in the formation of some low melting point eutectics of Al-Si,Mg-Si,Al-Mg2Si at the boundary of columnar crystals.These low melting point eutectics are closely related to the generation of ZL114A aluminum alloy solidification crack.The result is helpful for the study of laser welding ZL114A aluminum alloy solidification cracking in the prospective of metallurgical factors research.