通过不同材料、形状的空间目标模拟实验测量，研究了几种简单形状目标和卫星缩比模型的光学特性。结果表明：光源-目标-探测器的位置对目标的光学特性起决定作用，对于球体和柱体目标来说，光源和探测器的相位角是影响接收到光辐射的主要因素，而对于立体状目标，它的光学特性则与特定的入射角和观测角有关；对静止卫星而言，其光学特性主要受太阳能电池板对地夹角和观测面积的影响。该研究有助于实际观测数据反演空间目标的姿态，便于对空间目标特性数据进行归类和分发。

The optical characteristics of several space targets with simple shape and the satellite models are studied according to simulation measurement of spatial targets distinct in shape and material. The result indicates that the location of light source, target and detector plays a decisive function in detecting the optical characteristic of the spatial targets. As for the spherical and cylindric targets, the phase angle of the light source and detector is the main factor to effect the reception of light radiation, as for the three-dimensional targets, the detecting effect is relative to incident and observing angles, and as for the earth synchronous satellites, the optical characteristic is influenced mainly by the observing area and the angle included between the solar panel and earth. This research is significant for deducing the attitude of space targets from observed results.