为了在实验室中对大气颗粒物进行源解析,建立了基于毛细管X射线微会聚透镜和实验室X射线光源的X射线荧光(XRF)谱仪。谱仪中所使用的毛细管X射线微会聚透镜的焦斑处功率密度增益为450,透镜焦斑大小为205 μm。在X光源电压和电流分别为35 kV和70 mA的条件下,利用该谱仪对粒径为1-2 μm的大气颗粒物源样品和受体样品进行了X射线荧光定量分析。利用化学质量平衡(CMB)模型对大气颗粒物样品进行了源解析,解析结果表明汽车尾气和建筑扬尘为受体样品的主要污染源,源解析结果较为理想。实验结果表明,毛细管X射线微会聚透镜在大气颗粒物源解析中具有潜在的应用价值。

To conduct source apportionment of aerosol particles in the laboratory,we established an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer based on polycapillary slightly focusing X-ray lens (PSFXRL) and laboratory X-ray source. The gain of power density of the PSFXRL used in the spectrometer was 450,and the focal spot size of the PSFXRL was 205 μm. The samples of receptors and sources with diameter of 1-2 μm were quantitatively analyzed by the XRF when the working voltage and current of X-ray source were 35 kV and 70 mA. On this basis,the chemical mass balance (CMB) model was employed to apportion source contribution and the source apportionment results indicated that the main pollution source of samples for receptor were vehicle exhaust and cement dust. The source apportionment results were ideal. The experimental results show the PSFXRL has potential application in source apportionment of aerosol particles.