海面波浪对光线的扰动以及海水对光的吸收和散射对水下对空成像有重大影响。建立了水下对空成像的光学计算模型，采用基于PM谱的海浪模型和基于小角度散射理论的水下辐射场传输模型，利用光线追迹分析波浪对光线的扰动，得到了像面照度的分布。仿真结果的分析表明，像面上的照度由视场中心向边缘递减，并随成像深度增加按指数衰减，海浪对图像的破坏程度在消光边界附近最大。

Through-surface underwater imaging is most dependent on the waving ocean surface and the ocean water which will disturb, absorb and scatter the incident radiation. A computer model for optical simulation of through-surface underwater imaging is developed so that the irradiance on the image plane can be predicted. The model adopts the Pierson-Moscowitz wave spectrum and the underwater imaging model based on small-angle-scattering theory. The sample simulations are presented and they indicate the distribution of irradiance on the image plane is associated with the depth, the wind speed and the field of view.