光谱学与光谱分析, 2009, 29 (4): 986, 网络出版: 2010-05-25   

海面甚薄油膜光谱响应研究与分析

Spectral Response Analysis of Offshore Thin Oil Slicks
作者单位
1 南京大学国际地球系统科学研究所, 江苏 南京 210093
2 中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
摘要
海面甚薄油膜存在着特定的光谱响应, 文章通过模拟海面甚薄油膜随其厚度的变化过程, 研究其高光谱响应特征与产生机理。 甚薄油膜随着厚度从大到小的逐渐变化, 表现为六种目视特征: 彩虹亮油膜、 品色亮油膜、 黄绿亮油膜、 浅绿亮油膜、 银色亮油膜与几乎不可见油膜。 分析六种状态下海面甚薄油膜的光谱反射率表明: 350~540 nm甚薄油膜的反射差异明显, 甚至可以影响到440 nm处叶绿素的吸收峰; 350~900 nm范围内, 甚薄油膜的反射光谱普遍高于海水的反射光谱, 但540~900 nm范围内缺乏明显的吸收反射特征; 在近红外920~2 500 nm范围内没有明显的光谱响应。 结合海面甚薄油膜光谱响应特征分析, 指出海面甚薄油膜存在平行多光束干涉现象, 入射到薄膜内的光由于多次反射和折射导致了海面可见光/近红外光谱反射率的增加, 为海面甚薄油膜遥感探测提供了理论依据。
Abstract
Hyperspectral data of thin oil slicks have some spectral response characteristics, and an experiment of offshore thin oil slicks was designed to measure and analyze their reflectance by using ASD hyperspectral instrument. With the oil slick thickness changing, its color varied from rainbow sheen slick to fuchsine sheen slick, kelly sheen slick, aqua sheen slick, silver sheen slick and light sheen slick. The result suggested that different thin oil slicks have different characteristics, some thin oil slicks could change the reflectance at 440 nm which is the spectral absorption peak value of chlorophyll, and the best hyperspectral band to distinguish the different offshore thin oil slicks is located in the range between 350 and 440 nm. The reflectance of thin oil slicks is higher than that of seawater in the hyperspectral data range from 440 to 900 nm, but has no absorption or reflection characteristics compared to seawater’s. It could not be detected in the range of near infrared from 900 to 2 500 nm of offshore thin oil slicks because of high noise, low signal and influence of the atmosphere. Finally, the spectral response theory of offshore thin oil slicks was analyzed, and the results indicated that the interference phenomenon of offshore thin oil slicks could add reflected light and change the reflectance of seawater, hence, increase the feasibility of offshore oil slick remote sensing.

陆应诚, 田庆久, 齐小平, 王晶晶, 王向成. 海面甚薄油膜光谱响应研究与分析[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2009, 29(4): 986. LU Ying-cheng, TIAN Qing-jiu, QI Xiao-ping, WANG Jing-jing, WANG Xiang-cheng. Spectral Response Analysis of Offshore Thin Oil Slicks[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2009, 29(4): 986.

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