估算陆地近地层光学湍流通常需要利用两层不同高度的气象观测,而常规气象观测通常只有一层。为了利用单层常规气 象观测估算陆地近地层光学湍流,通过采用Shapiro给出的利用常规气象要素估算地面太阳辐射的经验模型,以及美 国陆军统一土壤分类方案,基于地面能量平衡,建立一个陆地近地层光学湍流估算模型。首先通过数值求解土壤热 传导方程估算土壤温度,再基于地面能量平衡估算地面温度、基于强迫恢复方法估算地面湿度；最后,将估算的 地面温度和湿度看作是粗糙度高度的温度与湿度,结合常规单层气象观测数据,估算光学湍流强度。实例计算表明: 该方法估算的光学湍流强度整体上与利用两层气象观测估算的光学湍流强度基本一致。

To estimate the optical turbulence in the land surface layer usually needs the meteorological observations at two different layers, but the normal surface meteorological observations are carried out in only one layer. In order to estimate the optical turbulence in the land surface by using the meteorological observations only in one layer, a model was given based on the surface energy balance by using the Shapiro empirical scheme of the surface net solar radiation fluxes which uses the usual normal meteorological observations as input and the U. S. Army Unified Soil Classification Scheme. The soil temperature was first estimated based on the numerical solution of the thermal conduction equation, the surface temperature was then estimated by using the simulated first layer soil temperature based on the surface energy balance, and the surface humidity was estimated by using the forcing-restoration method. At last, the estimated surface temperature and humidity were taken as the temperature and humidity at the roughness height, and the optical turbulence was estimated based on the meteorological observations at the observation layer and the estimated temperature and humidity at the roughness height. It is found that the optical turbulence estimated by the model is generally consistent with those estimated by using the meteorology observations conducted at two different layers in the land surface.