从热处理工艺、电极结构设计及工作场强等方面对电容器寿命性能加以分析与试验研究。结果表明:金属化膜电容器热处理温度的选择需要综合考虑膜的收缩以及电极厚度;对应不同方阻,热处理温度存在一个最优值,在该值下电容器可获得最佳的自愈性能,进而达到较长的工作寿命;在不同工作场强下,需权衡电极边缘局部放电以及膜中自愈产生的容量损失比例,优化电极结构。在电极结构、热处理工艺等参数优化设计的基础上,研制出的1.0 kJ/L电容器达到10 000次的大电流充放电寿命。

Capacitors are important storage components in pulsed power equipment. In order to reinforce the reliability of power source equipment,this paper studies how to increase the lifetime of the metallized film pulsed capacitor from the following aspects: electrode structure,heat treatment and working electric field intensity. The results show that the temperature of heat treatment is defined by considering the shrink of polypropylene(PP) film and the thickness of electrode. For different sheet resistance,the temperature of heat treatment has an optimal value,when the self-healing energy is minimal and the lifetime is longest for the capacitor. For different electric field intensity,it should be considered that there was tradeoff between partial discharge at the edge of electrode and capacitance loss caused by self-healing in PP film. Based on parameter optimization of electrode structure and heat treatment process,a compact capacitor with an energy density of 1.0 kJ/L was designed and tested with a lifetime over 10 000 shots.