以电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)同时测定了中药穿心莲中的As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb等６种重金属元素, 方法相对标准偏差2.1%～4.6%, 回收率92.0%～103.2%, 灵敏度高、 简单、 准确可靠。 考察了采用热回流提取、 浸泡提取、 超声辅助提取等不同提取方法和提取溶剂时, 上述６种元素的溶出情况。 结果表明, 实验所用穿心莲药材中Ba的含量最高, 其次为Cu和Cr, 而As, Pb, Cd在药材中含量相对较低。 随着提取溶剂中乙醇含量升高, Ba的溶出减少, 而Cu、 Cr的溶出增加, Cd在酸性溶液中溶出最多； 提取方法则以冷浸法溶出重金属元素最少, 使用纯水和碱水的热回流提取重金属元素溶出相对较多。 以上差异可能与这些元素在药材中的存在形态有关。

A simple and accurate method for the simultaneous determination of As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb in andrographis herb by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was developed. The samples were digested by HNO3-HClO4. The digestion-determination method was evaluated with the relative standard deviations for all these elements between 2.1% and 4.6%, and the recoveries were between 92.0% and 103.2%. The measuring method was proved to be simple, reliable and highly sensitive. The dissolution characteristics of the 6 heavy metal elements in different solvents and with different extraction methods such as refluxing, soaking, and ultrasonic assisted extraction were studied. The experimental results showed that Ba was in the highest concentration followed by Cu and Cr, and the concentration of As, Pb and Cd was relatively lower in the herb. With the increase in ethanol concentration, the dissolution amount of Ba decreased but that of Cu and Cr increased, and the highest concentration of Cd was dissolved in acidic solution. Overall, Cd and Pb were difficult to dissolve out with 85% ethanol refluxing, but As dissolved comparatively more under the same condition. Comparing the extraction methods, the higher concentration of these 6 metals was obtained by refluxing water or alkaline water than that by 85% ethanol maceration. These differences might be related to the existent forms of these six elements in the herb. The determination and study on dissolution characteristics of these elements by using ICP-OES was important for rational using medicinal resources and ensuring the safety of drugs.