从各种扰动随时间变化的共性出发,对光纤扰动分布传感技术进行了分类,并对其系统结构、检测原理、定位方法、技术特点和应用领域进行了分析。对光时域反射(OTDR)型和干涉型两种常见的光纤时变扰动分布传感(TDDS)技术做了较全面的介绍,对新型的混沌有源光纤时变扰动分布传感技术做了较详细的描述,着重说明各种研究方案的扰动定位方法的原理、优缺点及最新的进展。最后指出,提高系统的检测实时性和抗干扰能力并降低系统的误报率是光纤时变扰动分布传感技术实用化研究的主要方向。

From the viewpoint of the time-varying general characteristic of various disturbances,categories of the fiber-optic disturbance distributed sensing technology are presented. The system structures,detection principles,location methods,characteristics and application fields of fiber-optic time-varying disturbance distributed sensing (TDDS) technology are analyzed. Two common kinds of the TDDS technology called optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) and interferometer are introduced in the round. A novel chaos active fiber-optic TDDS technology is described in detail,and the principles,advantages and disadvantages of the location methods of various TDDS research schemes and the last location methods are emphasized. Finally the directions of promoting wide application of the fiber-optic TDDS technology are proposed,which improve the real-time properties and anti-jamming ability and reduce the false alarm ratio of the TDDS system.