结合矩阵光学方法与衍射理论，得到研究X射线长组合折射透镜光学性能（包括焦斑尺寸、有效光束半径和强度增益等）的理论方法。设计并采用LIGA技术实际制作了顶点曲率半径50 μm的抛物面型PMMA材料长X射线组合折射透镜，在北京同步辐射装置（BSRF）的形貌站（4 W，1 A）对其在8 keV时的聚焦性能进行了实际测试。给出了模拟计算和实测结果，并进行了分析讨论，实测结果显示了良好的聚焦效果，理论与实验结果基本吻合。

An accurate theoretical method based on matrix optics and diffraction theory is developed for predicting the performance of the extremely long compound refractive Xray lens. The size of focus, effective aperture of focusing Xray beam and the intensity gain in focus are derived. Then several PMMA extremely long parabolic compound refractive Xray lenses with the curvature radius of 50 μm are fabricated by means of deep Xray lithography. Finally, the focusing performances of the PMMA extremely long parabolic compound refractive Xray lenses are measured and analyzed under 8 keV monochromatic on the 4 W, 1 A beamline of Beijing synchrotron radiation facility (BSRF). According to the experimental results, it is shown that the PMMA extremely long parabolic compound refractive Xray lenses promise a good focusing performance under hard Xrays.