光学技术, 2010, 36 (6): 0825, 网络出版: 2010-12-07  

焊接变形光学测量技术研究

Study on the rapid three-dimension optical measurement for welding deformation of sheet structures
李玲 *
作者单位
西安航空技术高等专科学校, 陕西 西安 710077
摘要
针对薄板焊接变形测量难的问题, 提出了一种非接触式三维光学实时测量薄板焊接变形的新方法。首先通过2个高分辨率高速数字相机从不同观察点同时拍摄物体运动的视频图像;然后运用三维重建技术, 包括共线方程、基于共面方程的像片定向、直接线性变换解法、外极线几何约束和光束平差解法等重建待测标志点的三维坐标;最后依据同名点将不同时刻薄板的变形状态关联起来, 计算出待观测点的焊接变形量, 并实时绘制显示出变形曲线。与传统方法相比, 该方法具有不受焊接温度及强烈干扰影响和实时、高效、高精度等优点。
Abstract
To solve the problem of measurement for welding deformation of sheet structure, a non-contact three-dimension optical method is proposed. Firstly, photos of moving objects from different observation points are taken by two high-resolution and high-speed digital cameras simultaneously. Secondly, the three-dimensional coordinates of targets are calculated by three-dimensional reconstruction technique including collinear equation, photo orientation based on the coplanar equation, direct linear transform, epipolar geometric constraint and beam adjustment method. Finally, the deformations at different moments are associated with points of the same name, the deformation of the observation points is calculated and the real time deformation curves are sketched. Compared with the traditional methods, this method is not subjected to the high temperature and strong interference and has the advantages of real-time, high efficiency and high precision.

李玲. 焊接变形光学测量技术研究[J]. 光学技术, 2010, 36(6): 0825. LI Ling. Study on the rapid three-dimension optical measurement for welding deformation of sheet structures[J]. Optical Technique, 2010, 36(6): 0825.

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