为获得空间目标监视设备上空适合观测的天区以提高设备的使用效率和观测效率，设计了实时监视观测站上空云层位置分布的光电测量系统。该系统采用以扁椭球折反射透镜组为核心的大视场光学设计，结合非制冷红外焦平面列阵探测器用于全天时采集天空云层图像；通过装有图像采集卡的计算机对采集的天空背景图像进行伪彩处理、图像修复等操作后，获得无云、薄云、厚云以及它们之间过渡区域可清晰区分的伪彩云层图像，并根据实验标定建立的空间角位置和像素的函数关系，给出云的分布位置信息。实验结果表明，该测量系统可以每5 s输出一次高度角在20°以上的彩色云图，并计算出天空中云层的方位分布，定位精度约为1°。此系统可以实现云层分布的大视场定位测量，并提高空间目标监视设备的效率。

In order to improve the service and observing efficiencies of space target surveillance equipment, a photoelectric measuring system was designed to determine the positions and distributions of clouds and to decrease the false alarm rate and damage possibility due to severe weather. This system employed a large field optical design and took a set of flat ellipsoid catadioptric lens as its core.By using an uncooled infrared focal plane array detector, it could collect sky images in all day long.A computer with a color card was used to perform pseudo-color and bracket removal operations and to get a pseudo-color image which could distinguish clean, haze, cloud and their transitions.Furthermore, the position information of the interesting points could be obtained based on the pre-established function between position information in the sky and pixels in the image. Experimental results demonstrate that this measurement system can collect cloud images in the sky above elevation 20°,and can offer a processed image every 5 s. The positioning accuracy of the system is 1°,which can achieve the position determination with large field for the cloud distributions and can improve service efficiency.