以单粒子模型和带电粒子运动方程为基础, 采用蒙特卡罗方法, 编写了真空沿面闪络过程计算程序, 研究了外加磁场对真空沿面闪络过程的影响, 主要是对二次电子发射及电子束的雪崩运动的影响。研究表明: 外加磁场的存在, 改变了绝缘体表面电子的运动, 进而影响到绝缘体表面电荷的分布, 从而在宏观上对绝缘体的耐受电压产生影响; 外磁场抑制真空沿面闪络的效果与磁场的空间分布有关, 磁场加在阴极附近时产生的效果优于加在阳极附近。

The influence of applied magnetic field on the process of vacuum flashover, especially on electric field-induced secondary electron emission and electron avalanche, has been investigated by a Monte-Carlo code based on single particle model. It is found that, the presence of applied magnetic field alters the motion of surface electrons, and then affects the distribution of surface charge, which finally influences the flashover voltage. Proper magnetic field applied on vacuum surface can inhibit the secondary electron avalanche, and thus enhances the flashover voltage. The effect of applied magnetic field on flashover depends on the fields spatial distribution, and the near-cathode field is more favorable than the near-anode one.