中国激光, 2010, 37 (12): 3172, 网络出版: 2014-03-12   

CO2激光-MAG电弧复合焊接工艺参数对熔滴过渡特征和焊缝形貌的影响

Effects of Process Parameters on Droplet Transfer and Bead Shape in CO2-MAG Hybrid Welding
作者单位
长春理工大学机电工程学院, 吉林 长春 130022
摘要
以7.0 mm厚高强钢板为试验材料,采用CO2激光-熔化极活性气体保护焊(MAG)电弧复合焊接方法,研究了电弧能量、激光能量、光丝间距等参数对复合焊接熔滴过渡特征、工艺稳定性和焊缝形貌的影响。结果表明,CO2激光-MAG电弧复合焊接过程中,激光的加入,降低了激光匙孔附近等离子体通道的电阻,使电弧被吸引并压缩至激光匙孔处,从而使电弧阴极斑点更加稳定。电弧能量决定熔滴过渡的模式,激光能量主要影响熔滴的过渡频率。当电弧能量小于4 kW时,熔滴过渡模式为短路过渡和颗粒过渡或是二者的混合过渡;当电弧能量大于4.68 kW时,熔滴的过渡模式为射滴过渡。熔滴的过渡模式对获得稳定的可重复焊接工艺至关重要,射滴过渡比短路过渡更有利于焊接过程的稳定。热源间距保持在2~4 mm的范围内,避免熔滴干扰激光匙孔和熔池产生紊流。
Abstract
A CO2 laser-metal active gas welding (MAG) hybrid welding technology is used to weld the high strength steel of 7.0 mm thick. The effect of the arc energy, laser energy and distance between laser and MAG arc on the droplet transfer character, process stable and weld geometry are investigated. Results indicate that inputting of laser decreases the resistance of plasma channels of locate laser keyhole. In this way, arc is attracted and constricted, which stabilizes the arc cathode spots. The arc energy determines the mode of droplet transfer, and the laser energy affects the frequency of droplet transfer. When the laser energy is less than 4 kW, the transfer mode is short circuit transfer, or globular transfer or transfer mode between short circuit and globular. When laser energy exceeds 4.68 kW, the transfer mode is spray transfer. The droplet transfer mode is very important for achieving a stable and repeatable process: projected/spray transfer should be preferred to short/globular transfer. Distance between laser and arc sources must be at a 2~4 mm in order to avoid turbulence in the weld pool and disturbance of the keyhole formation and to achieve synergy between the processes.

刘双宇, 张宏, 石岩, 刘凤德, 刘佳, 徐春鹰. CO2激光-MAG电弧复合焊接工艺参数对熔滴过渡特征和焊缝形貌的影响[J]. 中国激光, 2010, 37(12): 3172. Liu Shuangyu, Zhang Hong, Shi Yan, Liu Fengde, Liu Jia, Xu Chunying. Effects of Process Parameters on Droplet Transfer and Bead Shape in CO2-MAG Hybrid Welding[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2010, 37(12): 3172.

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