超辐射发光二极管（superluminescent diode 简称SLD）具有光谱宽、功率大等优点。作为一种特殊光源，SLD 已经被广泛应用。简要介绍了SLD 的主要特征、主要表征参数和发展现状，详细阐述了SLD 在干涉式光纤陀螺仪、光学相干断层成像技术、波分复用技术、光时域反射仪、可调谐外腔激光器、光纤传感器和光纤测试等领域中的应用。

Superluminescent diodes (SLDs) have advantages of large spectrum width and high output power. They are widely used as a kind of special light sources. Typical characteristics and parameters of SLDs, as well as detailed applications in interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope (IFOG), optical coherent tomography (OCT), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), tunable external-cavity laser diode, fiber sensor and fiber testing, are reviewed.