根据红外辐射理论，结合实际红外测温原理，通过推导红外测温公式，得到了两种物体间的红外辐射温差计算公式，总结了红外辐射温差随环境温度变化的规律，并完成了相关实验。着重对两种发射率不同的物体在同一热力学温度下的红外辐射温差进行了研究，结果发现辐射温差与物体热力学温度和环境温度有重要关系，物体热力学温度与环境温度相差越大，物体间的辐射温差就越大。另外，在一定情况下发射率低的物体比发射率高的物体辐射温度高。研究结果有利于指导操作员更好地使用红外热像仪和更加灵活、准确地判别目标。

Based on the theoretic of infrared radiation, combined with the measurement principle of an infrared thermometer in fact, the calculation formula of two objects’ infrared radiation temperatures margin was obtained via calculating the measurement formula of infrared radiation, the movement rule of infrared radiation temperatures margin versus environmental temperature was summarized, and then correlative experiments have been accomplished. The infrared radiation temperatures margin of two different radiant emissivities objects at the same temperature was researched especially. The research shows that the radiation temperatures margin has important relations to objects’ temperatures and environmental temperature, the bigger the margin of objects’ temperatures and environmental temperature, the bigger the margin of objects’ radiation temperatures. Other, the low emissivity object have more high radiation temperature than the high one in some cases. The research can help operator better to use infrared thermometer and distinguish objects more agilely and correctly.