光学学报, 2011, 31 (s1): s100301, 网络出版: 2011-06-23
基于激光应用的高速相机设计
Design of a High-Speed CCD Camera for Laser Applications
激光应用 探测器 成像系统 信号处理 电子快门 曝光时间 动态范围 laser application detector imaging system signal processing electronic shutter exposure time dynamic range
摘要
为满足激光应用系统中高分辨率、高帧频、大动态范围要求,使用常规CCD作为探测器设计了一种高速相机成像系统。介绍了行间转移面阵CCD芯片KAI-2020D的工作原理、时序信号的产生及驱动、双路图像数据的整合及输出电路设计;采用高度集成视频处理芯片产生各高速时序信号并使用高速驱动器以满足水平转移信号驱动要求;采用控制器内部的存储器实现图像数据的整合和异步降频等信号处理;通过电子快门实现曝光时间的数字控制以克服CCD固有动态范围不满足入射光强变化范围要求。实验结果表明:该相机系统的曝光时间5级可调,单级曝光时间为100~2000 μs,信噪比大于40 dB,动态范围不低于58 dB,基本满足激光应用系统的要求。
Abstract
To meet the requirements of high frame rate, high resolution and large dynamic range in laser applications, a high-speed CCD camera imaging system is designed by using conventional CCD as the detector. Interline area CCD array KAI-2020D′s working principal, timing generation and driving, and two-channel image data′s processing are introduced; a integrated video processing chip is used to generate the high-speed timing signals and high-speed drivers are used to drive horizontal signals; controller′s internal memory is used for signal processing such as processing the image data and depressing the data transfer rate asynchronously; exposure time is digitally controlled through the electronic shutter, overcome the disadvantage that CCD dynamic range can not meet the requirements of the different range of incident light intensity. The results show that the exposure time can be divided into 5 stages, each stage is 100~2000 μs, minimum adjustable step is 25 ns, signal to noise ratio (SNR) is more than 40 dB, dynamic range is not less than 58 dB, and the maximum frame rate is 35 frame/s, so the camera system meets the requirements of laser applications.
刘金国, 余达. 基于激光应用的高速相机设计[J]. 光学学报, 2011, 31(s1): s100301. Liu Jinguo, Yu Da. Design of a High-Speed CCD Camera for Laser Applications[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2011, 31(s1): s100301.