随着脉冲激光焊接技术在精密制造领域的应用越来越广泛，研究脉冲激光精密焊接过程中的焊接变形规律，对于提高焊接质量具有重要意义。采用ANSYS的壳单元建立三维有限元模型，模拟厚度为0.5 mm Hastelloy C-276超薄板的脉冲激光焊接过程。通过实验测量焊接变形的分布情况，获得的实验结果与模拟结果一致，验证了有限元模型的合理性。利用建立的模型，进一步研究激光单脉冲能量输入对横向收缩变形和失稳变形分布规律的影响。结果表明，激光的脉冲作用引起瞬时变形周期性振荡；随着激光单脉冲能量输入的增加，焊接件的横向收缩变形和失稳变形变大。

The application of pulsed laser welding technology increases in precision manufacturing. The study on the deformation characteristic of pulsed laser welding has a special significance for improving the quality of welding. A three-dimensional finite element method model is established by the shell element in ANSYS. The model simulates the process of pulsed laser welding of Hastelloy C-276 with 0.5 mm thickness. Experiments are carried out to measure the welding distortion, and the simulation results have a good agreement with the experiment results. Then, the model is used to further study the effect of single-pulse laser energy input on the transverse shrinkage distortion and buckling distortion. The results show that the periodic oscillation of the immediate distortion is caused by the pulsed laser wave. With the single-pulse laser energy input increasing, the transverse shrinkage and buckling distortion are improved.