利用波长λ=1.06μm的线偏振激光光束,作用到熔石英或玻璃光学表面的DASPI[2-(p-dimethyl-aminostryryl)-pyridyethyliodide]和PIC(N,N＇-diethyl-pseudoisccyanine chloride)吸附分子膜上,在一定条件下可观察到二次谐波的产生.通过调整基波激光的线偏振方向和旋转样品基板,实验上我们确定这两种分子的轴线(偶极矩)取向与基板表面相垂直.在溶液中,激光染料分子或其它有机分子轴线是随机取向的.但如果分子被吸附在光学或金属表面上时,由于存在着范德瓦尔斯力,氢键和金属离子在羧基间的束缚力,使被吸附的分子在基板表面上有序的按一定的取向排列.对分子膜结构的研究目前已相当广泛.一般实验上采用X射线和电子衍射法研究分子的排列方式、间隔和轴向电子密度,而利用红外光谱和电子顺磁共振方法给出吸附分子的取向及原子间相互位置等参数.我们利用激光在吸附分子膜层上引起的二次谐波,给出染料DASPI分子和有机PIC分子的轴线(偶极矩方向)在熔石英和K_9玻璃基板表面上的取向.

With a linearly polarized laser beam of wavelength λ= 1.06μm acting on the monolayer of the laser dye 2-(p-Dimethylaminostryry L)-Pyridyethyl iodide (DASPI) and the organic molecules N, N -diethyl-pseudoisocynanine chloride (PIC) on a smooth surface made of fused quarz or glass, the SHG by DASPI or PIG can be detected easily. By changing the direction of the linear polarization of the fundamental wave and ratating the substrate, we have found that axes (electrio-dipole) of both kinds of molecules are perpen.