本文采用堆拉法自主研制了一种新型的柚子型光子晶体光纤, 并详细分析了光子晶体光纤的制作工艺。在预制棒制作方面, 设计了独特的拼装工具辅助预制棒的拼装, 提高了预制棒的一致性。在光纤拉制方面, 设计了精度较高的微压控制系统来控制毛细管内压力的大小。经多次试验表明: 当温度在 1 850~1 900℃、压力在 1 500~ 2 000 Pa时, 可以得到结构相对均匀、损耗较小、强度较好的柚子型光子晶体光纤。对光纤性能进行了测试分析, 光纤包层直径为 130 μm, 涂敷层直径为 250 μm, 在 1 550 nm处模场直径为 11.27 μm, 光纤损耗为 3.5 dB/km, 测试结果表明, 研制的柚子型光子晶体光纤的几何参数和光学参数已达到工程化应用指标, 为进一步开发高灵敏度的光纤光栅奠定了理论基础。

A new type grapefruit PCF was developed and the fabrication progress of the PCF was analyzed in detail. In terms of making preform, the special tool which was developed to assist to make preform and it improved the consistency of preform. In terms of drawing fiber, the high-precision minute-pressure control system was developed to control the inner pressure of quartz capillary. A mass of experiments indicates that the homogeneous structure, low-loss and high strength grapefruit PCF can be made when temperature between 1 850℃ and 1 900℃ and pressure between 1 500 Pa and 2 000 Pa. The properties of fiber were measured and analyzed that fiber diameter is 130 μm, coating diameter is 250 μm, mode field diameter is 11.27 μm and the loss is 3.5 dB/km at operating wavelength of 1 550 nm. The test result indicates that the developed grapefruit PCF’s parameter of geometry and optics has reached the demand of the engineered application. Furthermore, it establishes the theoretical foundation of making further development on high sensitivity fiber grating.