为了实现高灵敏度、快速、准确鉴定痕量病原菌核酸样品，介绍了一种痕量核酸样品高灵敏度快速测量方法，并发展了一种微流控芯片核酸等温扩增实时分子诊断技术，研制了新型微纳体系生化反应载体芯片。通过表面惰性处理降低芯片表面对生物分子的吸附影响，构建一种大数值孔径、长工作距离的便携式共焦光学检测系统，有效消除背景荧光的影响，提高了检测灵敏度。在微纳升（7 μL~40 nL）试剂消耗反应体系水平，实现检测灵敏度5个DNA分子拷贝数，并以呼吸道感染疾病的大肠埃希氏菌检测为例，开展临床应用研究，满足低成本临床医疗应用需要。

In order to carry out the goal of highly sensitive, fast and accurate detection and identification of pathogen, a novel method for highly sensitive and fast detecting trace amount of nucleic acid sample is introduced. A microfluidic chip isothermal DNA amplification for bacteria molecular diagnostics is developed. New micro-nanoliter reaction assay chip is manufactured, and the surface inertia processing technique of chip is advanced to drop the chip surface adsorption to DNA molecules. A portable confocal detector with high numerical aperture and long working distance is built to reduce background fluorescence and improve the sensitivity. The sensitivity of 5 DNA copies in micro-nanoliter reaction assay is obtained. The method and detector was verified by Escherichia coli identification to acute respiratory disease, and can meet the application of low-cost detection of clinic medicine.