制冷剂闪蒸喷雾冷却(CSC)已经成为激光治疗葡萄酒色斑等皮肤病手术中的标准冷却辅助手段。为优化喷嘴设计，进一步增进冷却效率和改善治疗效果，搭建了制冷剂闪蒸瞬态喷雾冷却实验台，设计了8个不同内径和长度的直管型喷嘴，采用先进的磁控溅射沉积薄膜热电偶测温方法，应用杜哈梅尔定理计算表面热流密度，定量研究了不同喷嘴对冷却表面传热特性的影响，并对其传热规律和雾化特性进行了系统的分析比较。此外，提出了评价喷嘴冷却效率标准，给出了采用不同几何尺寸喷嘴时冷却表面换热量随喷雾距离的变化规律。

Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) in conjunction with laser therapy has been the clinical standard for hypervascular lesions. In order to optimize nozzle and enhance the cooling efficiency to improve the treatment of laser surgery, an experimental system of transient cryogen spray cooling is built and eight straight-tube nozzles with different diameter and length are designed. A thin film thermocouple is directly deposited on the cooling surface to measure the surface temperature during the cryogen spray cooling. An analytical expression based on Fourier′s law and Duhamel′s theorem is used to calculate surface heat flux from the temperature measurements. Based on the measurements and calculations, the effect of the eight straight-tube nozzles on the heat transfer dynamics of the cooling surface and the atomization characterics are comparatively studied. Additionally, the criterion to evaluate the cooling efficiency of different nozzles is proposed, and the variation of heat extraction from the cooling surface with different spray distances by different nozzles is given.