随着激光在航天器中应用的增加，出现了激光系统在空间环境中失效的现象。激光薄膜和基底元件（包括晶体和玻璃）是激光产生和输出的重要组成部分，空间环境对它们损伤性能的影响直接关系到激光系统的稳定性、使用寿命和光束质量，因此它们的空间损伤效应成为急需研究和论证的问题。总结了国内外激光薄膜和基底在不同空间环境(包括真空度、温度、污染、空间辐照等)的性能变化、损伤机理和改进措施，为用于航天器的激光薄膜和基底元件的性能评估、预测和性能改进提供理论依据和分析方法。

Application of laser is increasing in spacecraft now, but laser systems in space already have the sudden phenomenon of failure. The optics performances composed of coatings and substrates such as crystal and glass are important elements for laser generation and output. The changes of damage performances will affect the stability, lifetime and beam quality of laser system in space. Space effects of optics have become an urgent problem to research and discuss. We summarize the variation trend, damage mechanism and some improvement measures for optics in different conditions of vacuum, temperature, contamination, solar ultraviolet radiation and proton radiation, respectively. The conclusions will be helpful to the future laser applications and research in space.