研究了一种齿状阴极的电子束产生传输过程以及对相对论返波管振荡器产生高功率微波的影响。基于SINUS881加速器，利用束流轰击金属靶观测齿状阴极产生电子束在不同轴向位置上的角向分布，并开展了基于环形阴极和齿状阴极的X波段相对论返波管振荡器的实验研究。对不同齿数及尺寸对电子束流特性、器件输出微波功率和脉冲宽度的影响进行了分析。实验结果表明：当阴极的齿数增加到一定数量时，电子束的横向运动使得电子束在径向逐渐趋于分布均匀；与均匀环形阴极的打靶结果近似，此时，电子束对于相对论返波管振荡器产生微波的功率和脉宽影响不大。

The paper investigates the generation and transport by multijet cathode of annular intense relativistic electron beam which has been widely used in high power microwave generation. The influence of multijet cathode on the operation of an X-band relativistic backward wave oscillator(RBWO) has been experimentally studied, by using the high-current accelerator SINUS881. The results indicate that, due to its transverse motion, the electron beam will tend to an annularly uniform beam with the increase of cathode jet number, and the output power and pulse width of the RBWO are similar to those of the RBWO with annular cathode.