激光清洗技术与其他清洗方法（化学清洗、超声波清洗等）相比，具有保证清洗对象无损、清洗效果好、精细和无污染等优点，正在被广泛地研究和应用。根据去除原理的不同，激光清洗技术被分类为干式激光清洗、湿式激光清洗和激光等离子体冲击波等方法。在文物保护领域中，石质文物表面的污染物影响文物美观，更严重威胁着文物的保存。在高功率固体激光装置中，光学元件表面的污染物严重影响了激光系统的正常运行。利用激光清洗技术清除砂岩表面的墨迹污染物以及镀金K9玻璃表面颗粒和油脂污染物，利用显微镜、暗场成像法、紫外可见近红外分光光度计、X射线光电子能谱仪等方式检测清洗效果，结果表明清洗效果良好。

Compared the conventional cleaning methods (chemical cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning), laser cleaning is recognized as a effective cleaning method without damage, precise removal, avoiding environments pollution and it is widely studied and used. According to the different mechanisms, laser cleaning can be classified as dry laser cleaning, steam laser cleaning and laser plasma shockwave. In the fields of cultural relics protection, the diseases on the surface of stone relics will affect the conservation and artistic quality of relics. In the high-power laser facility, contaminations on the surface of optics seriously limit normal operation of the facilities. Laser cleaning is used for removal the ink mark contamination on the surface of sandstone and the particles and grease contamination on the surface of gold-coated K9 glass. The laser cleaning effect has been characterized by optical microscopy, dark-field imaging, ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicated the cleaning effect is obvious and effective.