本文设计了一种应用于微小车床对刀的二维对刀间隙检测装置, 采用正交方式布置构建光学图像测量系统, 建立了基于图像处理技术的微小车床对刀间隙检测系统; 利用标准量块对光学系统进行精确标定, 并应用于微小车床进行微小对刀间隙的测量。将对刀间隙光学检测系统安装在自研的微小车床上, 通过车床微动平台施加微小位移进行系统验证。实验结果表明: 该检测装置能够快速有效地进行微小车床对刀间隙识别与检测, 系统检测精度达±15 μm。实验同时验证了对刀间隙检测算法的正确性, 可用于微小车床的精密对刀。

A two-dimensional device of gap detection in tool-setting is designed, which is applied to a small lathe. A way of orthogonal layout is used to construct an optical measurement system, and a gap detection system of tool-setting is established based on image processing. The optical system is calibrated precisely by using standard gauge blocks and applied to measure the micro gap of tool setting. The inspection system is installed on the small lathe developed independently. The system verification is done through motion stage of lathe applying micro displacement. The results show that: the detection algorithm can recognize and detect the gap of tool-setting in small lathe fast and effectively. Moreover, the detection precision can reach 15 μm. The correctness of detection algorithm for small lathe is verified experimentally for high-precision tool setting of small lathe.