自1997年8月23日首颗高光谱卫星LEWIS发射以来，航天高光谱成像技术走过了15年的路程，我国在该领域的技术也取得了跨越式的发展。当前我国正按照国家中长期科技规划，努力构建下一代高分辨率对地观测系统，深入全面地总结过去若干年的航天高光谱成像技术发展情况，并分析发达国家的发展计划，对制定我国的航天高光谱成像技术发展战略具有重要意义。从当前的主流高光谱分光技术、应用情况和发展趋势三个方面进行了全面的分析总结，认为民用高光谱成像系统应该朝着宽幅、定量化和应用细分的方向发展；军用高光谱成像系统的发展重点应该是高空间分辨率、宽波段以及快速信息处理技术。

Since the first launch of hyperspectral imaging satellite on August 23,1997, space-borne hyperspectral imaging technology has been developed for 15 years. In these years, rapid progress was made in China. Before constructing the high resolution earth observing system, it is important to review the status of space-borne hyperspectral imaging technology in the past years. The developed country′s future plan should be of benefit to our space-borne strategy. Typical imaging spectrometers are summarized, application capabilities of space-borne hyperspectral imaging technology analyzed, and the prospect of hyperspectral imaging technology is presented. To realize wider swath and higher accuracy, technological innovation will occur for future civil space-borne hyperspectral imaging system. Higher spatial resolution, wider spectral range and rapid data processing technology will be expected for defense and security continuously.