采用氯仿、 乙醇、 水提取三七样品, 同时在各溶剂提取液中加入一定量5%硫酸香草醛溶液, 建立三七紫外指纹图谱和三七-硫酸香草醛紫外指纹图谱, 采用SIMCA软件及共有峰率和变异峰率双指标序列分析法对两种处理所得紫外指纹图谱进行分析研究。 结果表明, 用氯仿、 乙醇、 水三种溶剂超声提取20 min时效果最佳, 加入硫酸香草醛溶液前后, 三七紫外指纹图谱变化较大; 三七紫外指纹图谱的共有峰率数据较为分散, 最小为25.00%(Y5—Y8), 最大为84.38%(Y11—Y13, Y20—Y21), 最大变异峰率达177.78%(Y8—Y5), 且有多个样品的变异峰率超过100%; 三七-硫酸香草醛指纹图谱的共有峰率最小为42.86%(Y1—Y19), 最大为79.55%(Y22—Y23), 且数据分布较为集中, 主要分布在50%～70%之间, 其变异峰率的范围也较小, 主要集中分布在20%～50%之间; 双指标序列分析的结果与图谱结果一致, 三七-硫酸香草醛紫外指纹图谱的相似性大于三七紫外指纹图谱, 差异性与产地和生长年限都相关, 相同生长年限样品间的相似性大于不同年限, 样品间的异同与地理空间距离的远近没有相关性, 相邻产地样品间有较大或较小的相似性。 该方法的稳定性、 重现性和精密度均较好, 可以对至少2个样品的异同进行定量评价, 克服了其他一些方法只能进行模糊定性识别的局限, 为三七的质量评价提供一种新方法。

In this study, Panax notoginseng samples were extracted by chloroform, ethanol and water, or by those extracted solution with 5% vanillin sulfuric acid to establish two kinds of UV fingerprint of P. notoginseng which were compared by applying the common and variation peak ratio dual index sequence analysis method and SIMCA software qualitative analysis. The results indicated that the optimization extraction time of P. notoginseng samples was 20 min with chloroform, ethanol and water extraction, but the fingerprint differed significantly after add vanillin sulfuric acid. The common peak ratios of UV fingerprint of P. notoginseng were scattered. The minimum was 25%(Y5—Y8), while the maximum was 84.38%(Y11—Y13, Y20—Y21). The maximum variation peak ratio was 177.78%(Y8—Y5), meanwhile, the variation peak ratios of several samples were more than 100%. However, the common peak ratios of UV fingerprint of P. notoginseng with vanillin sulfuric acid were concentrated (distributed in the range of 50%～70%): the minimum was 42. 86%(Y1—Y19), whereas the maximum was 79.55% (Y22—Y23); the range of the variation peak ratios was also smaller with the ranges of 20%～50% in general. The result of the dual index sequence analysis was agreement with the fingerprint implied. The similarity of the UV fingerprint of the extracts of P. notoginseng after adding vanillin sulfuric acid was greater than before. Both the ages and origin was related with the difference of UV fingerprint. The similarity of the two samples with same age was more significant than those with different ages. The similarity and difference between samples was no correlation with the distance of geographic space, the near origin samples maybe have a significant similarity or difference. This method appears as good alternative for evaluate quality of the P. notoginseng and can distinguish at least two samples quantitatively, duo to it reaches the limitation of the multiple methods which only could be used to indistinctly distinguish herbs.