介绍了变阻抗线的工作原理, 给出了类Blumlein线结构变阻抗线的倍压特性, 变阻抗线能够实现能量的完全传输, 输出电压为输入电压的(n+1)/2倍; 以平板结构为例研究了变阻抗线中的阻抗偏差问题: 传输线实际阻抗较理论设计值偏大, 各级的偏差基本在20%以内; 通过电磁仿真研究了三级类Blumlein线结构变阻抗线中各级阻抗偏差对于倍压系数的影响, 在阻抗偏差范围内, 倍压系数随着阻抗的增大而减小, 倍压系数在1.9~2.1范围内, 给出倍压系数受各级阻抗偏差的影响规律; 设计了三级类Blumlein线结构平板传输线进行实验, 输出电压为3833 V, 与理论设计相符。

The operating principle of stepped transmission lines is introduced, and an ideal rule of output voltage in quasi-Blumlein lines is given. The stepped transmission lines can completely transmit energy and increase the voltage to (n+1)/2 times the input voltage. Also impedance deflection in the stepped transmission lines is researched. The actual impedance is a little bigger than design value, and the impedance deflection ranges from 0 to 20%. By electromagnetic simulation, the relations of impedance deflections and output voltages in three-grade stepped transmission lines are given. In the range of impedance deflection, output voltage coefficient increases with the decrease of impedance, and it ranges from 1.9 to 2.1. The effect of output voltage on transmission lines’ impedance deflection is discussed. At last, a three-grade stepped transmission line is designed and its experimental results show that the theoretical and experimental data are in good agreement.