针对点特征匹配方法中特征的独特性不高, 在弱纹理区域的影像匹配存在不足等问题, 提出了一种尺度、旋转以及亮度稳健的高分辨率影像直线段特征匹配方法。首先, 对待匹配的影像进行边缘检测和拟合, 提取直线段特征; 然后, 将直线段特征分级, 利用特征的方向关系匹配长直线段特征; 最后, 以同名长直线段特征对作为控制基础, 以角度和距离作为量化特征, 构造关系描述符, 实现短直线段特征的匹配。实验结果表明, 由于在同一幅影像中, 每条特征直线段所在直线都有唯一对应的直线方程, 特征的独特性很高, 所以可以很好地避免误匹配, 得到的正确匹配概率为90%以上, 且均方根误差达到了亚像素级。该匹配方法在弱纹理区域比点特征匹配方法具有明显的优势, 能够较好地满足应用需求。

A line feature matching method for high-resolution images was proposed to improve the low significant level of a point feature and to overcome the matching shortage between weak texture images. Firstly, the edges of images were extracted and tracked to fit straight-lines. All straight-lines were classified into two groups: long-lines and short-lines. The long-lines were matched based on the direction relationship primarily. Then, the relationship-descriptors of short-lines were constructed using the angle and the Euclidean distance between the short-line and long correspondences. Finally, short-lines were matched according to the similarity of their relationship-descriptors. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed line matching algorithm is robust for the scale, rotation and illumination. As all the lines have corresponding linear equations in the same image, the image feature has higher significant level and can avoid the mismatching. The probability of correct matches of the algorithm exceeds 90% and its root mean square error has achieved sub-pixel level. The performance of the proposed algorithm is better than that of the point-based method, especially in weak texture areas.