短脉冲宽度、高峰值功率的被动调Q固体激光器在医疗、光通信、激光点火和非线性光学转换等领域具有重大的应用价值。通过热键合技术和陶瓷烧结技术将激光增益介质与可饱和吸收体键合到一起形成的被动调Q复合激光材料，不仅能降低分离式激光增益介质和可饱和吸收体界面的散射和反射损耗，以降低激光腔内损耗，而且能消除二者之间的空气间隙，避免激光器在高峰值功率运行时产生的等离子体所造成的空气击穿导致激光晶体的损伤，保证激光器的稳定运行。针对基于复合材料的激光二极管抽运的小型化、集成化及高峰值功率的被动调Q固体激光器的研制和应用潜力，系统介绍了基于Nd:YAG-Cr4+:YAG、Yb:YAG-Cr4+:YAG复合材料的被动调Q固体激光器的研究进展及其发展趋势。

Passively Q-switched solid-state lasers with short pulse width, high peak power are widely used in medical applications, optical communications, laser ignition and nonlinear optical conversion for generating new laser sources. Composite laser materials for passively Q-switched laser operation are successfully fabricated with thermal bonding technology and ceramic sintering technology. They alleviate the scattering and reflection loss induced in the surface of separated laser gain medium and saturable absorber, further mitigate the intracavity loss. Besides, composite laser materials eliminate the air gap between gain medium and saturable absorber. So the laser material damage is avoided and stable laser operation is maintained. Based on the potential applications of composite materials for passively Q-switched miniature, high peak power solid-state lasers, the advances and outlooks of passively Q-switched solid-state lasers based on Nd:YAG-Cr4+:YAG and Yb:YAG-Cr4+:YAG composite laser materials are reviewed in this paper.