微纳流体光波导融合了微观流体与微光学特征, 能够在相同物理空间实现流体介质和微光学信息功能及结构的集成, 是生物化学分析及生物传感器的关键器件。本文综述了微纳流体光波导研究现状及其在生物传感器和生物化学分析中的应用实例。论述了实现微纳流体光波导的全反射机理、多层干涉效应, 抗谐振反射机理, 以及基于上述机理实现的各种流体波导形式。重点分析了基于微纳流体层流效应的全流体波导, 基于多层干涉效应的Bragg光波导、空心光子晶体波导、狭缝光流体波导、抗谐振反射光波导等多种波导的特点。指出狭缝光流体波导和抗谐振反射光波导具有更好的设计灵活性, 且检测灵敏度高、可靠性好、易于集成制造, 可望在生物传感器及微纳流体光学系统中得到更广泛的应用。

Optofluidic waveguides can integrate the functions and structures of fluid media and micro-optical information in the same physical space because of the fusion of the microfluidic/nanofluidics and the micro-optics. They have been the key devices for biochemical analysis and biosensors. This paper overviews the research status of the optofluidic waveguides and their applications to biochemical analysis and biosensors. It describes the basic principles to implement different fluid waveguides, such as total reflection principles, multi-layer interference effect and antiresonant reflecting mechanism, and gives a lots of waveguide forms according to the principles mentioned above. It focuses on the analysis of the characteristics of total fluid waveguides based on micro/nano fluidic layers, Bragg waveguides based on interference effect, hollow core photonic crystal waveguides, slit fluid waveguides and antiresonant reflecting waveguides. Finally, it points out that the latter two waveguides can be designed in flexibility and is characterized by higher sensibility , good reliability and easy to be fabricated, so that they are expected to widely used in biosensors and microfluidic/nanofluidic systems.