激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)技术是一种基于原子发射光谱学的元素定性、定量检测手段。本文介绍了LIBS技术的原理、应用方式、检测元素种类及检测极限; 综述了该项技术在固体、液体、气体组分检测方面的技术发展, 以及在环境检测、食品安全、生物医药、材料、**、太空领域的应用进展。最后, 提出了高功率、高稳定的激光光源和准确的定量分析方法是LIBS技术目前所面临的问题和挑战。

Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy(LIBS) based on atomic emission spectral technology is a kind of convenient and sensitive approach for the qualitative and quantitative detection of elements. In this paper, the mechanism, detecting element types, detection limit and the recent progress of LIBS technology are reviewed. The progress of LIBS technology in component testing for solid, liquid and gas samples is expounded in detail. The applications of LIBS in the environment test, food security, biological and medicines, material sciences, military and space fields are also presented. Finally, the challenges and problems for the LIBS technology in high power and stable laser sources and accurately quantitative analysis method are discussed.