利用手持式激光测距仪和二轴转台, 设计了一种经济型大尺寸激光三维自动测量系统, 用于船舶等大型工件的现场测量。介绍了系统的测量原理和主要组成部分, 系统无需合作目标, 在计算机的控制下自动对目标进行测量来获得相对系统的三维坐标数据。分析了系统的主要误差对测量结果的影响, 完成了主要误差的提取实验。最后, 利用激光跟踪仪对系统测试水平两点间的距离的测量精度进行了评定, 并对船分段模型进行了测量实验。实验表明, 该系统对水平放置物体的两点间距离的测量精度达到了1.73 mm,对船分段模型的平行平面之间的距离测量精度达到了1.5 mm。由于系统构成简单, 硬件成本较低, 测量精度较高, 测量速度大约为1 point/s, 非常适用于船分段的测量。

An economical type large-scale laser coordinate automatic measuring system based on a portable laser rangefinder and a biaxial-turning-table was presented to measure large work pieces, such as ship bodies in the fields. The measurement principle and the main components of the system were introduced. Under the control of a computer, this system could complete automatic scanning measurement without a cooperative target, and also could get the relative coordinate data to the system of the target. The effects of main errors of the system on the measurement results were analyzed, and some experiments were performed to extract and calculate the main errors of this system. Finally, the laser tracker was used to evaluate the measurement accuracy of the distance between two points and to measure a ship body model. From the measuring experiments, it points out that the measurement accuracy of the distance between two points is better than 1.73 mm in 10 meters, and that of the distance between two parallel planes of the ship body model is better than 1.5 mm. These results indicate that the system is suitable for ship body automatic measurement because of its simple construction, low cost, high precision and a higher measuring speed(1 point/s).